In "Democracy and Dictatorship in Europe," Sheri Berman offers a sweeping and insightful exploration of the tumultuous journey of political systems on the European continent, dissecting the complex dance between democracy and dictatorship. Through a meticulous examination, Berman unveils how modern democracy, though birthed in Europe, has perennially grappled with various forms of autocracy, painting a picture of a continent perpetually at a crossroads. This work not only charts the historical ebbs and flows of political regimes but also illuminates the resilience and fragility of democratic institutions. Berman's narrative is a compelling testament to the idea that democracy's path is neither linear nor assured, challenging the notion that the end of the twentieth century marked the final triumph of democratic ideals in Europe. Within the rich tapestry of European history, Berman skillfully traces every democratic wave, revealing each as initially flawed or failing, either imploding internally or crushed under the weight of reactionary forces. Yet, within these cycles of struggle and regression, "Democracy and Dictatorship in Europe" highlights the indomitable spirit of democratic progress—how, despite facing seemingly insurmountable odds, elements of democracy endured and even flourished under the shadow of the most authoritarian regimes. By weaving together two centuries of political upheaval, from revolutions and fascism to civil wars and the eventual rise of a liberal democratic Europe post-World War II, Berman not only provides a panoramic view of European political history but also offers a crucial analysis relevant to understanding the contemporary challenges democracy faces globally. This book stands as a monumental retelling of the European experience, essential for anyone seeking to comprehend the current waves of illiberalism sweeping across Europe and beyond.